A、非金属类非金属垫片主要有橡胶板和石棉橡胶板,聚四氟乙烯板和夹玻璃纤维聚四氟乙烯板。橡胶板弹性及密封性能良好,并具有一定的耐腐蚀性能,但受使用压力(小于1 6ＭＰａ)和温度(小于120℃)的限制,影响了其使用范围。
石棉橡胶板的使用温度为400℃,使用压力6 4ＭＰａ,根据不同的配方,可适用于酸、碱和油等不同的介质。
聚四氟乙烯板具有良好的密封性能和化学稳定性,适用于强腐蚀介质,但耐温较低(小于170℃)限制了使用范围。夹玻璃纤维聚四氟乙烯板使用温度可达到280℃,四氟夹铜粉或其他金属粉产品可提高到380℃。

B、金属类金属垫片(圈)有梯形、椭圆形、菱形、三角形和齿形等金属垫片的材质。其适用于易燃易爆、高温高压等介质,密封性能好,有很高的稳定性。

C、复合类复合类是指由金属及非金属材料复合制造的垫片。它既有金属材料承受高温高压的性能,又有非金属材料的柔性和弹性。复合类垫片有缠绕式、包覆式和组合式。　　
缠绕式垫片由不同材质的波形金属带和不同性质的石棉纸石墨带或四氟带混合缠绕而成,具有很好的弹性和密封性能。适用介质也比较广泛(靠金属带和非金属带多种排列组合),一般适用于4 0～10 0ＭＰａ的阀门。是目前国内普遍使用的垫片之一。
包覆式垫片是金属板包覆非金属密封材料。包覆式垫片除具有缠绕式垫片的优点外,还具有非金属密封材料不接触介质的特点。包覆式垫片的金属材料为纯铁、软钢及不锈钢等。非金属材料有石棉、聚四氟乙烯、玻璃纤维等。
组合式垫片是金属板(材料与包覆式相同)包覆非金属密封材料及金属弹簧。由于在包覆式垫片中增加了金属弹簧,增加了垫片的弹性,提高了密封性能。适用于易燃,易爆,有剧毒及强腐蚀性的高压介质。

Valve gasket classification, According to the material of the gasket, gaskets can be divided into non-metal, metal and composite category

A. Non-metallic: Non-metallic gaskets mainly include rubber plate and asbestos rubber plate, polytetrafluoroethylene plate and glass fiber polytetrafluoroethylene plate.
The rubber plate has good elasticity and sealing performance, and has certain corrosion resistance, but it is limited by the use of pressure (less than 16 MPa) and temperature (less than 120℃), which affects its use range.
The use of asbestos rubber sheet temperature is 400℃, the use of pressure 64 MPa, according to different formulations, can be applied to acid, alkali and oil and other different media.
PTFE plate has good sealing performance and chemical stability, suitable for strong corrosive media, but the low temperature resistance (less than 170℃) limits the range of use.

B. Metal: Metal gaskets (rings) have trapezoid, oval, diamond, triangle and tooth shape of metal gaskets. It is suitable for inflammable and explosive, high temperature and high pressure media, good sealing performance, has high stability.

C. Composite class: Composite class refers to the gasket made of metal and non-metallic materials composite. It has both the performance of metal materials to withstand high temperature and high pressure, and the flexibility and elasticity of non-metallic materials. The composite gaskets are winding, coated and combined.
The winding gasket is composed of corrugated metal tape of different materials and asbestos paper graphite tape or PTFE tape of different properties, which has good elasticity and sealing performance. The applicable medium is also more extensive (by a variety of combinations of metal and non-metal belts), generally suitable for 40～100 MPa valves. It is one of the gaskets commonly used in China.

Coated gasket is a metal plate coated with non-metallic sealing material. In addition to the advantages of winding gaskets, the coated gasket also has the characteristics of non-metallic sealing materials that do not contact the medium. The metal materials of the coated gasket are pure iron, mild steel and stainless steel. Non-metallic materials are asbestos, polytetrafluoroethylene, glass fiber and so on.

The combined gasket is a metal plate (the material is the same as the cladding type) coated with a non-metallic sealing material and a metal spring. Due to the addition of metal spring in the coated gasket, the elasticity of the gasket is increased and the sealing performance is improved. Suitable for flammable, explosive, highly toxic and corrosive high pressure media.

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The flow characteristics of the V-type ball valve are the relationship between the relative flow of the medium flowing through the hard sealed ball valve and its opening under the condition

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The flow characteristics of the V-type ball valve are the relationship between the relative flow of the medium flowing through the hard sealed ball valve and its opening under the condition

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